The latest dry sump oil pan design will be 3D printed using a carbon fiber thermoplastic. The next metal parts to be 3D printed are the titanium valves, steel tappets, titanium con rods (aluminum for hillclimbs) and a super light hollow, steel crankshaft. The camshafts are 3D printed in Inconel 718 and DLC coated and the 3D printed aluminum cylinder bores have a proprietary coating on the bores. Today the World’s first polymer engine is rapidly becoming the World’s first 3D printed metal and polymer engine using both 3D printed polymer parts as well as 3D printed metal parts. The Polimotor 2/3 block weighs 6 Kg less than Ford’s latest Ecoboost 2.0 aluminum block. The Polimotor 2’s polymer engine block, oil pan, cam box, and cam cover are molded using a fiber-reinforced thermoset molding compound and a molding process developed by Holtzberg. In response to the growing demand for lighter and more fuel-efficient cars from global automakers, Holtzberg took his design to the next level and created Polimotor 2 and 3, using his latest fiber reinforced polymer materials for manufacturing engine blocks. Massive marine diesel engines are capable of thermal efficiencies over 60, however, these engines are exceptional in this regard. It starts with a brief review of injector technologies and the impact of the spray characteristics on the combustion system optimization. For example, advanced internal combustion engines found in modern automobiles have peak thermal efficiencies around 35-40 for gasoline and 40-45 for diesel. In 1985, Holtzberg shocked the global automotive industry and motorsports world by successfully competing in the IMSA Camel GT Championship and later in the Gulf Oil British Hillclimb series where it “blitzed massive 2 liter opposition” by beating the top 2 liter racing engines in the UK and Europe with what was essentially the World’s first polymer racing engine. Abstract: This chapter discusses the role of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling in gasoline direct injection (DI) engine combustion system design and development. IC Engine Mechanical Engineering Questions Answers on Internal Combustion Engine 1) The top of the piston in two-stroke engine is a) flat b) slanted c) crown shaped d) convex shaped 2) The combustion in compression ignition engine is a) homogeneous b) heterogeneous c) laminar d) none of the mentioned 3)The minimum number of rings in. His polymer design weighed just 180 lbs., about half the weight of the metal engine, and produced 280 BHP at 8500 RPM. Holtzberg designed and developed the Polimotor based on a Ford 2000cc engine with cast iron block. Ahead of its time in 1980, he successfully created Polimotor 1, the world’s first polymer engine.

In 1972, Matti Holtzberg established Polimotor Research to develop fiber reinforced polymers that could be used to replace metal parts in internal combustion engines.

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